Isothermal shot tube assembly

ABSTRACT

A shot tube assembly for a die casting process includes a spiral passage for circulating a coolant about a cavity containing the molten metal material. The circulating coolant provides temperature control of the shot tube that improves the casting process and increases shot tube life.

BACKGROUND

A die casting process utilizes a mold cavity defined between two mold halves. Molten metal material is fed in to the cavity and held under pressure until the metal has solidified. The mold halves are then separated and the cast part removed. The shot tube is an integral part of the die casting tooling. The shot tube serves as the mechanism that is utilized to hold molten material prior to the initiation of the injection process that introduces the molten metal to the cavity. The shot tube includes an opening for introducing molten material into a bore that leads to the cavity. A plunger moves within the bore to inject and compress the molten material into the cavity. Upon solidification of the alloy, the moving platen retracts from the stationary platen. During this process the plunger continues forward to facilitate the ejection of the biscuit or puck from the end of the shot tube. The plunger is then subsequently withdrawn, the die set closed and additional material is introduced into the plunger for fabricating another part within the same cavity.

The shot tube experiences very high temperatures as a result of intimate contact with molten metal material and therefore is fabricated of materials compatible with those high temperatures. However, materials that are compatible with the high temperatures encountered during the die casting process can be costly and difficult to machine. Accordingly, it is desirable to design and develop shot tubes that can withstand the high temperatures while reducing cost and easing manufacturing.

SUMMARY

A shot tube assembly for a die casting process according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, among other possible things includes an outer sleeve open at each end including an outer pour opening for receiving molten material. An inner sleeve defines a core for molten material. The inner sleeve is disposed within the outer sleeve and open at each end with an inner pour opening aligned with the outer pour opening. A spiral passage encircles the inner cavity. An inlet communicates a coolant to the spiral passages. An outlet exhausts coolant from the spiral passage.

In a further embodiment of the foregoing shot tube assembly, the outer sleeve includes an inner surface and the inner sleeve includes an outer surface and the spiral passage is at least partially defined by each of the inner and outer surfaces.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing shot tube assemblies, includes trip strips within the spiral passage for generating a turbulent flow in coolant flowing through the spiral passage.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing shot tube assemblies, the inlet and outlet are disposed on a common end adjacent to the pour opening.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing shot tube assemblies, the inlet and outlet includes a plurality of inlets and a plurality of outlets.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing shot tube assemblies, includes a fluid system for circulating coolant into the inlet and out of the outlet.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing shot tube assemblies, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve include a common material with a common coefficient of thermal expansion.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing shot tube assemblies, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve include different materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion.

A shot tube assembly for a die casting process according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, among other possible things includes an outer sleeve open at each end including an outer pour opening for receiving molten material. An inner sleeve defines a core for molten material. The inner sleeve is disposed within the outer sleeve and open at each end with an inner pour opening aligned with the outer pour opening. A coolant passage is disposed about the inner cavity. A trip strip within the coolant passage generates a turbulent flow in coolant flowing through the coolant passage. An inlet communicates a coolant to the coolant passage. An outlet exhausts coolant from the coolant passage.

In a further embodiment of the foregoing shot tube assembly, the outer sleeve includes an inner surface and the inner sleeve includes an outer surface and the coolant passage is at least partially defined by each of the inner and outer surfaces.

A method of casting a cast article according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, among other possible things includes defining a mold cavity between at least two mold parts, mounting a shot tube, maintaining a desired temperature of the shot tube by passing a liquid metal material through passages defined within the shot tube, pouring a quantity of molten material into a core defined within the shot tube through a pour opening in the shot tube, forcing the molten material into the mold cavity, and curing the molten material within the mold cavity.

In a further embodiment of the foregoing method of casting a cast article, the shot tube includes an inner sleeve disposed within an inner sleeve with the passages defined between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve and the liquid metal material circulates through the passages to maintain a desired temperature of the shot tube.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing method of casting a cast articles, includes the step of cooling the shot tube with the liquid metal material to maintain the shot tube within a desired temperature range.

A casting system according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, among other possible things includes a mold including at least one cavity for receiving molten material. A shot tube includes an outer sleeve open at each end including an outer pour opening for receiving molten material. An inner sleeve defines a core for molten material. The inner sleeve is disposed within the outer sleeve and open at each end with an inner pour opening aligned with the outer pour opening. A spiral passage is defined between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. An inlet communicates a coolant to the spiral passage. An outlet exhausts coolant from the spiral passage. A plunger is movable through the bore of the shot tube for forcing molten material through the inner cavity and into the at least one cavity.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing casting system, the outer sleeve includes an inner surface and the inner sleeve includes an outer surface and the spiral passage is at least partially defined by each of the inner and outer surfaces.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing casting systems, includes a trip strip within the spiral passage for generating a turbulent flow in coolant.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing casting systems, includes a fluid system for circulating a coolant through the spiral passage of the shot tube.

In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing casting systems, the coolant includes a liquid metal material.

Although the different examples have the specific components shown in the illustrations, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to those particular combinations. It is possible to use some of the components or features from one of the examples in combination with features or components from another one of the examples.

Although the different examples have the specific components shown in the illustrations, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to those particular combinations. It is possible to use some of the components or features from one of the examples in combination with features or components from another one of the examples.

These and other features disclosed herein can be best understood from the following specification and drawings, the following of which is a brief description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view an example mold assembly.

FIG. 2 is a cross-section of an example shot tube.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the example shot tube.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of trip strips within a passage of the shot tube.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example casting system 10 that includes a mold 12 having a first part 14 and a second part 16 that defines a cavity 18. The example mold 12 includes an opening 20 that receives a shot tube 22. The example shot tube 22 defines a bore 34 through which molten material 26 are injected into the cavity 18. A plunger 24 is movable within the bore 34 to inject the molten material 26 into the cavity 18. The molten material 26 is of a temperature in excess of 2000° F. (1093° C.). Accordingly, the material comprising the shot tube 22 must be compatible with the excessive temperatures of the molten material 26.

The example casting system 10 includes a coolant circuit 52 for circulating a coolant through the shot tube 22. Coolant flow through the shot tube 22 removes heat to maintain the shot tube 22 within a desired temperature range for the casting process. The example coolant circuit 52 includes a pump 54 that pumps coolant 60 into passages defined within the shot tube 22. Coolant exhausted form the shot tube 22 flows through a heat exchanger 58 and then back to a reservoir 50. The circulated coolant 60 removes heat input into the shot tube 22 form the molten metal material 26.

In one example the coolant comprise a liquid metal material that is circulated through the coolant circuit 52 and the shot tube 22. The liquid metal may comprise a gallium based alloy, lead bismuth alloy, indium alloys, tin-indium alloys, tin alloys, zinc alloys, pewter alloys, antimony alloys, aluminum alloys or any other liquid metal alloys and compounds with properties favorable for maintaining the shot tube 22 within a desired temperature range. The use of liquid metal coolant provides increased heat transfer capabilities as compared to non-metal liquid coolants.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3 with continued reference to FIG. 1, the shot tube 22 includes an outer sleeve 28 that circumscribes an inner sleeve 30. The outer sleeve 28 and the inner sleeve 30 include aligned pour openings 36, 38 on a first end 32. A second end 35 is received within the opening 20 of the mold 12 (FIG. 1).

The inner sleeve includes an outer surface 48 and the outer sleeve 28 includes an inner surface 50. A spiral passage 42 is defined between the inner surface 50 and the outer surface 48. The spiral passage 42 encircles the inner cavity 40 and provides a path for the circulation of coolant 60 for removing heat from the shot tube 22.

An inlet 44 and an outlet 46 provide for circulation of coolant through the passages 42. In this example the inlet 44 is disposed near the pour opening 36 and the outlet 46 is disposed near the second end 35 that is received within the opening 20 of the mold 12.

In operation, the second end of the shot tube 22 is received within the opening 20 of the mold 12 and coolant is flowed through the spiral passages 42 to maintain the shot tube 22 at a desired temperature. The coolant 60 is flowed into and out of the shot tube 22 such that heat is removed at a rate that maintains the temperature within a desired range. The molten material 26 is then added to through the pour openings 36, 38. Once the molten material 26 is disposed within the cavity, the plunger 24 drives the molten material into the cavity 18 for fabrication of the desired part. The part is allowed to cure and then is removed from the mold 12.

The heat transfer and removal performance of the coolant can be enhanced by the configuration of the spiral passages 42. The spacing between loops of the spiral passages 42 can prevent the occurrence of hot spots within the shot tube 22. Moreover, other features can be added to the spiral passages 42 to enhance heat transfer performance.

Referring to FIG. 4, the spiral passage 42 includes flow disrupting features 68 that generate turbulent flows indicated at 64 in the coolant. The turbulent flows 64 mix the coolant 60 and provides for more of the coolant 60 to contact walls of the passage 42.

The flow disrupting features 68 can include trip strips 62 and/or pedestals 66 that generate the turbulent flows 64 in the coolant 60. The flow disrupting features 68 can be all trip strips 64 or all pedestals 66 or a combination of both trip strips 64 and pedestals to provide the desired generation of turbulent flows 64. Moreover, the specific arrangement of flow disrupting features 68 can include other shapes to provide the desired turbulent flow 64 and improve thermal transfer of heat to the coolant 60. The trip strips 62 and pedestals 66 increase surface area for heat transfer that further improves the capability of the coolant to maintain the shot tube within a desired temperature range.

Accordingly, the example shot tube 22, casting system 10 and method provide greater control of temperatures during casting to reduce wear and increase shot tube life.

Although an example embodiment has been disclosed, a worker of ordinary skill in this art would recognize that certain modifications would come within the scope of this disclosure. For that reason, the following claims should be studied to determine the scope and content of this disclosure. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A shot tube assembly for a die casting process comprising: an outer sleeve open at each end including an outer pour opening for receiving molten material; an inner sleeve defining an core for molten material, the inner sleeve disposed within the outer sleeve and open at each end with an inner pour opening aligned with the outer pour opening; a spiral passage encircling the inner cavity; an inlet for communicating a coolant to the spiral passages; and an outlet for exhausting coolant from the spiral passage.
 2. The shot tube assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the outer sleeve includes an inner surface and the inner sleeve includes an outer surface and the spiral passage is at least partially defined by each of the inner and outer surfaces.
 3. The shot tube assembly as recited in claim 2, including flow disrupting features within the spiral passage for generating a turbulent flow in coolant flowing through the spiral passage.
 4. The shot tube assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the inlet and outlet are disposed on a common end adjacent to the pour opening.
 5. The shot tube assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the inlet and outlet comprise a plurality of inlets and a plurality of outlets.
 6. The shot tube assembly as recited in claim 1, including a fluid system for circulating coolant into the inlet and out of the outlet.
 7. The shot tube assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve comprise a common material with a common coefficient of thermal expansion.
 8. The shot tube assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve comprise different materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion.
 9. A shot tube assembly for a die casting process comprising: an outer sleeve open at each end including an outer pour opening for receiving molten material; an inner sleeve defining an core for molten material, the inner sleeve disposed within the outer sleeve and open at each end with an inner pour opening aligned with the outer pour opening; a coolant passage disposed about the inner cavity; a flow disrupting feature within the coolant passage for generating a turbulent flow in coolant flowing through the coolant passage; an inlet for communicating a coolant to the coolant passage; and an outlet for exhausting coolant from the coolant passage.
 10. The shot tube assembly as recited in claim 9, wherein the outer sleeve includes an inner surface and the inner sleeve includes an outer surface and the coolant passage is at least partially defined by each of the inner and outer surfaces.
 11. A method of casting a cast article comprising: defining a mold cavity between at least two mold parts; mounting a shot tube maintaining a desired temperature of the shot tube by passing a liquid metal material through passages defined within the shot tube; pouring a quantity of molten material into a core defined within the shot tube through a pour opening in the shot tube; forcing the molten material into the mold cavity; and curing the molten material within the mold cavity.
 12. The method of casting a cast article as recited in claim 11, wherein the shot tube includes an inner sleeve disposed within an inner sleeve with the passages defined between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve and the liquid metal material circulates through the passages to maintain a desired temperature of the shot tube.
 13. The method of casting a cast article as recited in claim 11, including the step of cooling the shot tube with the liquid metal material to maintain the shot tube within a desired temperature range.
 14. A casting system comprising: a mold including at least one cavity for receiving molten material; a shot tube including an outer sleeve open at each end including an outer pour opening for receiving molten material, an inner sleeve defining a core for molten material, the inner sleeve disposed within the outer sleeve and open at each end with an inner pour opening aligned with the outer pour opening, a spiral passage defined between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, an inlet for communicating a coolant to the spiral passage, and an outlet for exhausting coolant from the spiral passage; and a plunger movable through the bore of the shot tube for forcing molten material through the inner cavity and into the at least one cavity.
 15. The casting system as recited in claim 14, wherein the outer sleeve includes an inner surface and the inner sleeve includes an outer surface and the spiral passage is at least partially defined by each of the inner and outer surfaces.
 16. The casting system as recited in claim 14, including a flow disrupting feature within the spiral passage for generating a turbulent flow in the coolant.
 17. The casting system as recited in claim 14, including a fluid system for circulating the coolant through the spiral passage of the shot tube.
 18. The casting system as recited in claim 17, wherein the coolant comprises a liquid metal material. 